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Blue sapphire belongs to the mineral species corundum. It can be a pure blue but ranges from greenish blue to violetish blue. The name "sapphire" can also apply to any corundum that's not red and doesn't qualify as ruby, another corundum variety.
Both blue and fancy sapphires come from a variety of exotic sources including Madagascar, Tanzania, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Australia.
Sapphire is the birthstone for September and the gem of the 5th and 45th anniversaries.
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